Which scientific law describes the solubility of gases in water?

✅Explanation:
This law states that at a constant temperature, the amount of gas that dissolves in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas above the liquid. In simple terms, it describes how gases dissolve in water or other solvents depending on the pressure and solubility characteristics of the gas.

📌Other Options Explanations:
-(a) Darcy's law: This law relates to the flow of fluids (like water) through porous media (such as soil) and is used to describe groundwater movement.
-(c) Avogadro's law: Avogadro's law relates to the volume of gas at constant temperature and pressure, saying that equal volumes of gases contain the same number of molecules.
-(d) Stoke's law: Stoke's law describes the motion of small particles in a viscous fluid, specifically the drag force exerted on spherical particles moving through a fluid, and is unrelated to gas solubility.

🛑 Additional Information::
Henry’s Law states that “the partial pressure applied by any gas on a liquid surface is directly proportional to its mole fraction present in a liquid solvent.”

• Henry’s law is given by:
P ∝ C (or) P = kH C
Where, ‘P’ is the partial pressure of the gas, ‘C’ is the concentration of the dissolved gas and ‘kH’ is the Henry’s law constant of the gas.
Limitations of Henry’s law 
-It is applicable when the system is in equilibrium. 
-It is applicable for those gases only which do not react with water (solvent). 
-Gas shouldn’t cause any chemical change in the solution.
-Henry’s law is applicable only when
– Pressure is not high
– Temperature is not too low
– Gas is extremely soluble.