Which of the following have the highest magnification?

✅Explanation:
Oil immersion microscopes achieve the highest magnification among the options listed. They use a special oil with a refractive index similar to glass, placed between the objective lens and the specimen. This oil minimizes light refraction, allowing more light to enter the objective lens and resulting in a clearer image with higher resolution and magnification, typically up to 1000x.

🔑Key Points:
-Microscopes are important laboratory instruments that are used to enlarge the image of an object many-folds.
-This helps us to study biological specimens like cells and cell structures that are too small for the naked eye and are termed as 'microscopic'.
-However, not all types of microscopes can be used for observing all specimens.
-Each microscope requires the specimen to be prepared in a specific way.
-This determines which microscope suits which type of specimen.
-Most of the microscopes require the specimens to be stained, which eventually kills them.
-So in order to view living cells, we need to use unstained specimens.
-The microscope used for study of living cells is phase-contrast microscope.
-Phase-contrast microscopy is based on the principle that small changes in the phase can be transformed into changes in brightness of that object.
-This can be observed as difference in image contrast.
-Phase objects refer to unstained specimens that do not absorb light.
-This microscopy technique is suitable for living cells because unstained specimens are used, keeping the cells alive.
🛑Additional Information
-Compound microscope –
-It is a type of optical microscope that uses two lenses instead of one to have a better resolution image.
-The lenses are known as ocular lens and objective lens.
-It generally uses visible light to view the specimens.
-Oil-immersion microscope –
-It is used to increase the resolution of a light microscope.
-It uses a transparent oil to immerse the objective lens as well as the specimen.
-The oil has a high refractive index, allowing increased aperture of the lens.
-Light tends to bend (refract) whenever it changes a medium.
-Oil and glass have similar refractive indices and so they function as almost the same medium causing minimum or no refraction.
-This creates a sharper image of the specimen.
-Electron microscope –
-It is a type of microscope that uses an electron beam instead of a beam of light as the source of illumination.
-It can be used to observe both biological as well as non-biological specimens.
-They have higher magnification and higher resolution than light microscopes.
-Compound and oil-immersion microscopes cannot be used for living cells as they use stained specimens.
-Electron microscopes require the specimens to be kept in vacuum, which kills living cells.