Which of the following Gossypium species is known as Indian cotton?

✅Explanation: Gossypium arboreum, commonly known as tree cotton, is a species of cotton native to the Indian subcontinent and other tropical and subtropical regions of the Old World. It has been cultivated in India for thousands of years, with evidence dating back to the Indus Valley Civilization. 2

📌Other Options Explanations:
-(a) Gossypium hirsutum: This is known as American Upland cotton, the most widely cultivated cotton species globally.
-(b) Gossypium barbadense: This is referred to as Egyptian cotton or Pima cotton, prized for its extra-long and fine fibers.
-(c) Gossypium herbaceum: This is known as Levant cotton or Asiatic cotton, another diploid species with shorter and coarser fibers.

🛑 Additional Information::
-Botanical name – Gossypium
-Family – Malvaceae
-Origin – Cotton is the world's oldest fiber. India has remained the chief center for years.
-Botanical characters – The cotton plant is an annual or perennial shrub attaining a height of 1-2 m. The fruit is a loculicidal capsule with a 3-5 locule. It is commonly known as a cotton ball. It requires a temperature of 21oC – 44oC  and an annual rainfall of 75-250 cm. It grows best on black and red soils.
-Important Varieties – All the cultivated cotton belong to the four species: Gossypium arboreum, G. herbaceum, G. hirsutum, and G. barbadense 

Important Points
-Gossypium herbaceum: 2n- 26, diploid. It is an old-world crop
-Gossypium arboreum: 2n- 26, diploid.  It is an old-world crop
-Gossypium barbadense: 2n- 52, tetraploid. It is a new-world crop
-Gossypium hirsutum: 2n- 52, tetraploid. It is a new-world crop