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  • ICAR and TNAU E-Course Summarized

    Summarized Notes
  • Where does fatty acids oxidation take place?

    Question: Where does fatty acids oxidation take place?

    Options:

    Mitochondria
    Cytoplasm
    Lysosomes
    Peroxisomes

    ✅Explanation:
    Mitochondria is the main site of fatty acid oxidation. Long-chain fatty acids are broken down into acetyl-CoA molecules, which then enter the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle) to generate energy in the form of ATP.

    📌Other Options Explanation:

    (c) Lysosomes:
    -Role: These organelles are involved in the degradation of macromolecules.

    (d) Peroxisomes:
    -Role: Specialized for the oxidation of very-long-chain fatty acids and certain other substrates.

    🔑Key Points:
    -Mitochondria
    -All eukaryotic cells have mitochondria, which are double membrane-bound organelles that generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the primary energy source required by the cell.
    -It is commonly known as the "Powerhouse of the cell."
    -Both plant and animal cells contain the double-membraned, rod-shaped mitochondria.
    -Its diameter varies from 0.5 to 1.0 micrometres.
    -The structure is made up of an inner membrane, an outer membrane, cisternae, the intermembrane space and matrix.
    -The quantity of mitochondria differs from cell to cell.
    -RBC which is a type of living cell lacks mitochondria, whereas liver cells have about 2000 per cell.
    -In contrast to eukaryotes, bacteria do not have membrane-bound organelles like mitochondria or chloroplasts.
    -Mitochondria without an outer membrane are called mitoplast.
    Additional Information
    -The mitochondria also perform signaling, cellular differentiation, cell death, and maintenance of cell cycle growth.
    -Mitochondria have their own genetic material.
    -The intermembrane space serves as a barrier between the layers of proteins and phospholipids that make up the outer membrane and the inner membrane.
    -The mitochondrion's outer membrane is made up of numerous unique proteins called porins and covers its surface. 
    -The genome of human mitochondria is circular DNA.

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