What type of dwarfism is the wheat variety “Kalyan Sona”? (RJ Supervisor 2012)

✅Explanation: Kalyan Sona is a semi-dwarf wheat variety developed in India. It possesses two dwarfing genes (Rht1 and Rht2) which contribute to its shorter stature, lodging resistance, and higher yield potential compared to taller varieties.

📌 Other Options Explanations:
o (A) Single gene dwarf varieties have only one dwarfing gene.
o (C) Triple gene dwarf varieties are not commonly found.

🔑Key Points:
-Kalyan Sona is a variety related to wheat. It is a double gene dwarf variety of wheat developed from Kalyan 227 and Sona 227 by Indian Agriculture Research Institute (IARI).
-Kalyan Sona is resistant to rusts, it was introduced in India in the year 1966.
-Sonalika and Kalyan Sona are high-yielding and disease-resistant varieties of wheat which were introduced in the wheat-growing belt of India in 1963.
-Sonalika and Kalyan Sona are semi-dwarf varieties of wheat, popularly known as Mexican wheat, produced by Dr. Norman Borlaug in Mexico in 1963.
-India imported it and then modified it to produce several wheat varieties such as Sonalika and Kalyan Sona and as a consequence, wheat production increased from 11 million tons to 75 million tons.
-It was introduced as part of the Green Revolution.

🔴 Related Information:
-The Green Revolution was an endeavour initiated by Norman Borlaug in the 1960s.
-He is known as the 'Father of Green Revolution' in the world.
-In India, the Green Revolution was led by M.S. Swaminathan.
-The Green Revolution resulted in a great increase in production of food grains especially wheat and rice.
-Jaya and Ratna are semi-dwarf hybrid varieties of rice developed in India during the Green Revolution. Due to these hybrid varieties, rice production increased from 35 million tonnes to 89.5 million tonnes.
-Pusa Swarnim is a hybrid variety of Okra (Bhindi) that is resistant to pests such as Shoot & Fruit Borer.