What does Durum wheat refer to?

✅Explanation:
Durum wheat (Triticum durum) is a type of tetraploid wheat, meaning it has four sets of chromosomes (2n = 4x = 28). This makes it distinct from other wheat types, such as hexaploid wheat (e.g., common wheat), which has six sets of chromosomes.
Durum wheat is commonly used for producing pasta and semolina due to its high protein content and gluten strength, which are important for the texture of these products.

📌Other Options Explanations:
c) Hexaploid wheat: Hexaploid wheat, such as Triticum aestivum (common wheat), has six sets of chromosomes.

🔑Key Points:
-The botanical name of macroni wheat is Triticum durum.
-It is the hardest of all types of wheat.
-It is the second most cultivated species of wheat after bread wheat, which is also called common wheat or Triticum aestivum.
-It is typically planted in the spring and harvested in the fall.
-Durum wheat grains can be ground into semolina – a type of coarse flour commonly used in pasta, including couscous.
-They can also be used to make breakfast cereals, puddings or ground into a finer flour to make bread or pizza dough.