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  • ICAR and TNAU E-Course Summarized

    Summarized Notes
  • The thread-like structures that make up the body of a fungus are called: ((MCAER 2014))

    Question: The thread-like structures that make up the body of a fungus are called: ((MCAER 2014))

    Options:

    Monotrichous
    Amphitrichous
    Peritrichous
    Atrichous

    ✅Explanation: Peritrichous bacteria have flagella that are distributed evenly around their entire surface. This arrangement allows for efficient movement and navigation in their environment.

    📌 Other Options Explanations:
    -Option A: Monotrichous bacteria have a single flagellum at one end.
    -Option B: Amphitrichous bacteria have a single flagellum at each end.
    -Option D: Atrichous bacteria do not have any flagella.

    🔑Key Points:
    -Flagella are hair-like structures protruding from the cell surface and has the primary function of locomotion.
    -It is present in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic motile cells but differ in structure.
    -Bacterial flagella is made up of flagellin protein.

    ✏It has 3 major structural elements:
    -Basal body – remains enclosed in the cell envelope and functions like rotary motor.
    -Hook – is the attachment of the filament to the basal body near the cell surface.
    -Filament – is the helical structure that rotates clockwise or anti-clockwise to work like a propeller.

    ✏On the basis of number and position of flagella, bacteria can be divided into:
    -Atrichous – do not have any flagella. Example – Lactobacillus.
    -Monotrichous – have a single polar flagella. Example – Vibrio cholerae.
    -Amphitrichous – have a single flagella at each end. Example – Campylobacter.
    -Lophotrichous – have a tuft of flagella at one end. Example – Spirillum.
    -Peritrichous – have numerous flagella distributed all over the body. Example – Salmonella.

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