The process by which a plant loses water through its leaves is called __________

•  🔑Key Points:Transpiration:
-Transpiration is the evaporative loss of water by plants.
-It occurs mainly through the stomata in the leaves.
-Besides the loss of water vapour in transpiration, the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the leaf also occurs through pores called stomata.
-Normally stomata are open in the daytime and close during the night.
-The immediate cause of the opening or closing of the stomata is a change in the turgidity of the guard cells.
-Transpiration is affected by several external factors: temperature, light, humidity, and wind speed.
-Plant factors that affect transpiration include the number and distribution of stomata, per cent of open stomata, water status of the plant, canopy structure etc.
🔴Additional Information:Respiration: 
-The breaking of the C-C bonds of complex compounds through oxidation within the cells, leading to the release of a considerable amount of energy is called respiration.
-During the process of respiration, oxygen is utilised, and carbon dioxide, water and energy are released as products.

• Photosynthesis:
-Green plants make their own food by photosynthesis.
-During this process, carbon dioxide from the atmosphere is taken in by leaves through stomata and used for making carbohydrates, principally glucose and starch.
-Photosynthesis takes place only in the green parts of the plants, mainly the leaves.
-In the leaves, the mesophyll cells have a large number of chloroplasts that are responsible for CO2 fixation.
-Chemical equation of photosynthesis: 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2.

• Chemotaxis:
-Chemotaxis means the movement of cells towards attractant and away from repellent chemicals.
-Every motile organism has some kind of chemotaxis.
-In this process cells mainly migrates towards a spatial cue direction.
-For example, the amoeba is attracted to increase the concentration of cAMP (Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate).