The opening and closing of the pore through the stomata, is a function of the

🔑Key Points:
-Stem cells are cells with the potential to develop into many different types of cells in the plant.
-They serve as a repair system for the plant.
-Guard cells are bean-shaped cells that surround stomata and play an important role in gaseous exchange out(Oxygen) and in(Carbon dioxide) of plant leaves by opening and closing the pore through the stomata.
-Organelles are small structures within the cytoplasm that carry out functions necessary to maintain homeostasis in the cell.
-The cell wall surrounds the plasma membrane of plant cells and provides tensile strength and protection against mechanical and osmotic stress.

🔴Additional Information:
-Stomata are the small openings found on the leaf epidermis.
-Stomata can be seen beneath the light microscope.
-Stomata can be found on stems and other plant parts.

✏️Stomata Structure:
-Two guard cells surround each stoma.
-The kidney-shaped guards contain chloroplasts.
-In each stoma, there is a respiratory chamber.

✏️Mechanism of stomatal closure and reopening:
-The mechanism of stomatal closure and opening is dependent on the presence of sugar and starch in the guard cells.
-The guard cells of the stomata contain sugar, which is synthesized by their chloroplasts in the presence of light.
-Because sugar is soluble, it raises the concentration of guard cells.
-Due to the higher concentration of cytoplasm in guard cells, water enters these cells via osmosis from neighboring cells. As a result, the stomata remain open.