The Norin 10 gene is responsible for dwarfism in which crop? (IBPS AFO 2023)

✅ Explanation:
The Norin 10 gene is associated with dwarfism in wheat. This dwarfing gene was introduced into wheat varieties to reduce plant height, preventing lodging and improving crop yield. This played a significant role in the Green Revolution, increasing wheat yields and agricultural productivity.

🔑Key Points:
-Heera, Moti, Arjun are triple gene dwarf varieties of wheat.
-Rht1 (Rht-B1b) and Rht2 (Rht-D1b) genes play an important role in wheat dwarfism. These are derived from the Japanese variety Norin-10.

• Additional Information – Wheat:

✏️Common bread wheat (Triticum aestivum):
-Hexaploid (2n=42)
-Mostly grown in India (87% of wheat area)
-Good for chapatis and bakery products
-Introduced by Borlaug from Mexico (Mexican dwarf wheat)
-Responsible for the Green Revolution

✏️Durum/Macaroni wheat (Triticum durum):
-Tetraploid (2n=28)
-Used for Suji and Semya preparation
-Occupies 12% of wheat area in Central and Southern India
-Durum varieties: Jairam, Malavika

✏️Emmer wheat (Triticum dicoccum):
-Tetraploid (2n=28)
-Occupies 1% of wheat area in Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka
-Used for making the South Indian dish Uppumav

✏️Diploid species:
-Triticum monococcum (2n=14)
-Triticum aegiloploid (2n=14)

• Additional Information – Rice:
-TN-1 (1964) was the first dwarf variety of rice developed.
-IR-8 (1966) was the first high-yielding dwarf variety of rice, a cross between Peta and Dee-Gee-Woo-Gen.