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  • The apomixis that occurs commonly in Citrus species is (JRF Plant Science 2019)

    Question: The apomixis that occurs commonly in Citrus species is (JRF Plant Science 2019)

    Options:

    Gametophytic apomixis
    Sporophytic apomixis
    Diplospory
    Apogamy

    ✅Explanation: Sporophytic apomixis is the most common type of apomixis in Citrus species. In this process, the embryo sac develops without meiosis, and the embryo develops from an unfertilized egg cell.

    📌Other Options Explanations:
    -Diplospory: A type of gametophytic apomixis where the embryo sac develops from a megaspore mother cell that does not undergo meiosis.
    -Apogamy: A type of gametophytic apomixis where the embryo develops from a cell other than the egg cell in the embryo sac.

    🔑Key Points:
    -Apomixis is a form of asexual reproduction that occurs via seeds, in which embryos develop without fertilization.
    -Leuwenhoek is credited for the discovery of this phenomenon in 1719 in Citrus seeds.
    -Apomixis is found in over 300 species of flowering plants.  

    • Diplospory:
    -The embryo sac is derived from the megaspore mother cell either directly by mitotic division or by interrupting meiosis.
    -An eight nucleate embryo sac is formed.
    -It is a common process in plants like maize and wheat.

    • Apospory:
    -The Apomictic embryo sac is derived from the nucellar cells.
    -An eight nucleate embryo sac is formed.
    -It is the most common type of apomixis in higher plants.  

    • Adventive Embryony:
    -Embryos arise from a cell or a group of cells either in the nucellus or in the integument.
    -The cells of integument or nucellus are diploid and hence the resultant embryo is also diploid.

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