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Seed gall or ear cockle disease is caused by………..

Question: Seed gall or ear cockle disease is caused by………..

Options:

Anguina tritici
Heterodera avenae
Meloidogyne sp.
None of these

✅Explanation:
Anguina tritici is a seed gall nematode that specifically infects wheat and other cereal crops. It causes ear cockle disease or seed gall disease, which is characterized by the formation of galls (cockles) instead of normal grains in the wheat head. The galls are filled with thousands of nematode larvae that can survive for many years in dry conditions. When these galls are sown with healthy seeds, the larvae emerge and infect the new plants, continuing the disease cycle.
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