Grape vine fan leaf virus disease is transmitted by –

✅Explanation:Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) is primarily transmitted by the dagger nematode, Xiphinema index. This nematode feeds on infected grapevine roots and then transmits the virus to healthy plants.

🛑Additional Information :
-Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) is one of the most severe virus diseases of grapevines, causing fanleaf degeneration that is transmitted by Xiphinema index.
-Based on morphological and morphometric analyses, Tunisian dagger nematodes were identified as X. index and Xiphinema italiae.
-The total RNA of GFLV was extracted from specimens of Xiphinema and amplified based on real-time polymerase chain reaction using virus-specific primers.