Gladiolus, Crocus, and water chestnut are propagated through: (IGKV CET Horti 2018)

✅Explanation: Gladiolus, crocus, and water chestnut all utilize underground storage structures called corms for propagation. Corms are short, swollen, solid stems that store nutrients and carbohydrates. They have buds on their upper surface that can develop into new shoots.

• Other options for clarification:
-(A) Runners: Runners are slender, horizontal stems that grow along the ground and can root at nodes to form new plants.
-(B) Rhizomes: Rhizomes are horizontal, underground stems that can store nutrients and give rise to new shoots and roots.
-(D) Offsets: Offsets are small plantlets that arise from the base of a mature plant. They are not typically used for propagating these specific plants.