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  • ICAR and TNAU E-Course Summarized

    Summarized Notes
  • For bacterial endospores staining, which of the following stains is commonly used?

    Question: For bacterial endospores staining, which of the following stains is commonly used?

    Options:

    Fuchsin
    Nigrosin
    Malachite green
    Gram stain

    Explanation: Malachite green is a dye commonly used for endospore staining. Endospores are highly resistant structures formed by some bacteria, and malachite green is able to penetrate their thick walls and stain them green.

    • Other Options Explanations:
    -Option A: Fuchsin: Fuchsin is a basic dye used in various staining techniques.
    -Option B: Nigrosin: Nigrosin is a negative stain used to visualize bacteria without staining the cells themselves.
    -Option D: Gram stain: Gram stain is a differential stain used to distinguish between gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.

    • Important Key Points:
    -The Schaeffer-Fulton method (the most commonly used endospore-staining technique) uses heat to push the primary stain (malachite green) into the endospore.
    -Washing with water decolorizes the cell, but the endospore retains the green stain.
    -The cell is then counterstained pink with safranin.
    -The resulting image reveals the shape and location of endospores, if they are present.
    -The green endospores will appear either within the pink vegetative cells or as separate from the pink cells altogether.
    -If no endospores are present, then only the pink vegetative cells will be visible.

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