Flower initiation in fruit plants is favored by –

✅Explanation:
Flower initiation in fruit plants is favored by a proper carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio. This means that the plant needs a balanced amount of carbohydrates (carbon) and proteins (nitrogen) for optimal flower development. A higher C/N ratio generally promotes flowering, while a lower C/N ratio favors vegetative growth.

📌Other Options Explanations:
(a) Leaf drop: Leaf drop usually occurs due to stress or seasonal changes.
(b) Luxuriant vegetative growth: Excessive vegetative growth can actually inhibit flower initiation as the plant may focus on growing leaves and stems.
(c) Insects and disease attack: While insects and diseases can affect plant health, they can harm the plant.