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  • ICAR and TNAU E-Course Summarized

    Summarized Notes
  • Evaporation is a process that: ((MCAER 2014))

    Question: Evaporation is a process that: ((MCAER 2014))

    Options:

    Cryopreservation
    Refrigeration
    Industrial processes
    All of the above

    ✅Explanation: Cryopreservation is the process of preserving biological materials at extremely low temperatures. Liquid nitrogen, with its boiling point of -196 degrees Celsius, is ideal for this purpose as it can rapidly cool and preserve biological samples.

    🔑Key Points:
    -Liquid nitrogen has many uses, mainly based on its cold temperature and low reactivity.
    -Examples of common applications include
    -The freezing and preservation of food products
    -The preservation of biological samples, such as sperm, eggs, and animal genetic sample. 
    -Used as a coolant for superconductors, vacuum pumps, and other materials and equipment.
    -Used cryotherapy to remove skin abnormalities.
    -The shielding of materials from the oxygen exposure
    -The quick freezing of water or pipe allow work on them when valves aren't available
    -A source of extremely dry nitrogen gas.

    🛑Additional Information:
    -Liquid helium
    -It is a physical state of helium, at very low temperatures if it is at standard atmospheric pressures. Liquid helium may show superfluidity.
    -Owing to its low melting point, liquid helium has numerous applications in cryogenics, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and superconducting magnets.
    -Liquid argon
    -It is tasteless, colourless, odourless, noncorrosive, nonflammable, and extremely cold. Belonging to the family of rare gases, argon is the most plentiful, making up approximately 1% of the earth’s atmosphere.
    -It is monatomic and extremely inert, forming no known chemical compounds.
    -Argon is most commonly used in its gaseous state.
    -It is widely used in the lighting industry for filling bulbs and with combinations of other rare gases for the filling of special bulbs and tubes for special colour effects.
    -The welding industry uses argon as a shielding gas to protect the metal from oxidation during welding. Argon is also used extensively in the semiconductor manufacturing process as a purge gas.
    -Bromine
    -It is a chemical element with the symbol Br and atomic number 35.
    -It is the third-lightest halogen and is a fuming red-brown liquid at room temperature that evaporates readily to form a similarly coloured vapour.
    -Its properties are intermediate between those of chlorine and iodine.

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