Chromosomes are made up of :

🧬 Key Points: → DNA molecule is packaged into thread-like structures called chromosomes.
→ They are present in the nucleus of each cell.
→ Each chromosome is made up of DNA tightly coiled around many times around proteins called histones that support its structure.
→ Chromosomes are made up of a DNA and protein complex found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.
→ It is made of proteins and a single molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).
→ The DNA and proteins together form chromatin fibers, which get further condensed into chromosomes.
→ This condensation or packaging of the DNA helps to accommodate long DNA molecules inside the nucleolus.
→ Hence the correct option is (4) DNA + Proteins.

📝 Additional Information:

→ Functions of chromosomes:
→ Carry the genetic material from one generation to another.
→ It contains DNA, which gives information for the growth, reproduction, repair, and regeneration process.
→ Chromosomal structure protects the DNA from damage.
→ Histone and non-histone proteins present in chromosomes help in the regulation of gene expression.
→ Spindle fibers attached to the centromere help during cell division.