Question: The strongest bond is
Options:
(a) Ionic bond
(b) Covalent bond
(c) Hydrogen bond
(d) Van der Waals
🔑Key Points
✏️Covalent Bond:
-A type of chemical bond wherein two or more atoms share one or more electron pairs.
-The outer shell of each has crossed over the other,
-Each atom shares its valence electron with the other atom.
-It can be said as an electrostatic force of attraction between two or more atoms or molecules.
-There are two types of covalent bonds – sigma and pi bonds.
-Sigma is the strongest covalent bond while pi-bond is the weakest covalent bond.
-Sigma and Pi bonds:-
-The overlapping of atomic orbitals distinguishes the sigma and pi bonds from each other.
-The overlapping of atomic orbitals forms covalent bonds.
-The head-to-head overlapping of atomic orbitals forms sigma bonds, whereas the lateral overlap of two atomic orbitals forms pi bonds.
• 🛑Additional Information:
-Covalently bonded compounds do not have free electrons, so they do not conduct electric current.
-Covalently bonded molecules have low melting and boiling points because intermolecular forces are weak and little amount of energy is required to break the forces.
-If the compounds have high melting and boiling point then they have very strong or strong intermolecular forces.
-If compounds have medium melting and boiling point then they have medium intermolecular forces.
-The intermolecular forces between water molecules are stronger than those between oxygen molecules.
-Covalent bonds are formed by the mutual sharing of electrons.
-Hence the covalently bonded molecules have strong bonds within the molecule.