One-gene-one-enzyme hypothesis was proposed by which of the following scientists? (IGKV CET Horti 2017)

✅Explanation: The one-gene-one-enzyme hypothesis, a foundational concept in molecular biology, was proposed by George Beadle and Edward Tatum in the 1940s. Their work with bread mold (Neurospora crassa) demonstrated a direct link between genes and enzymes.
-Key Idea: Each gene controls the production of a specific enzyme, and mutations in a gene can lead to malfunctioning or absent enzymes, disrupting metabolic pathways.

• Explanation of Other Options:
-(b) Basset and Lawrence: These scientists made significant contributions to our understanding of radiation-induced mutations.
-(c) Lederberg and Tatum: Joshua Lederberg was a prominent microbiologist known for his work in genetics and bacterial conjugation.
-(d) Ingram: Vernon Ingram is known for his work on deciphering the amino acid sequence of insulin.

🔴 Related Terminology:
-One-gene-one-enzyme hypothesis: The idea that a single gene encodes a single enzyme.
-Gene: A unit of heredity that carries the instructions for a specific trait.
-Enzyme: A protein molecule that acts as a biological catalyst, speeding up specific chemical reactions in cells.
-Mutation: A change in the genetic material (DNA) that can alter gene function.
-Metabolic pathway: A series of interconnected chemical reactions in a cell.