Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) looks rough under the microscope because of the attachment of which one of the following cell organelles to its surface?

The endoplasmic reticulum(ER) is a complex network of membrane-bound structure which runs through the cytoplasm.
Within the folds of the ER membranes, we can find spaces called Cisternae.
It is connected to both the outer nuclear membrane as well as a cell membrane.
The membrane has the same structure as the plasma membrane but ribosomes do not have membranes.

🔑Key Points:

• ER is divided into two types depending on the absence or presence of ribosome on its surface:
Rough Endoplasmic reticulum (RER): It is rough in appearance and is lined with ribosomes, hence, named the rough endoplasmic reticulum. It is the site of protein synthesis.
Smooth Endoplasmic reticulum (SER): It contains no ribosomes and hence is smooth in appearance. It helps in lipid and steroid synthesis.

🔴Additional Information:

• Functions of endoplasmic reticulum:
The endoplasmic reticulum helps in the intracellular and intercellular transport of materials.
It is the “transport system” of the cell.
It transports chemicals between cells and within cells.
RER is the site of protein synthesis and enzyme synthesis.
It conjugates with the Golgi body and helps in the formation of lysosomes.
SER helps in lipid synthesis and detoxifying many drugs and poisons.
The cell membrane is generated with the help of proteins and lipids synthesized in the ER. The process is known as membrane biogenesis.