Loss of water in the form of vapour from the aerial parts of the plant is called

🔑Key Points:
Transpiration
-It is a process in which excess water is lost in the form of vapors from the aerial parts of the plant.
-Mainly through the stomata of leaves. 
-Stomatal openings are necessary to admit carbon dioxide to the leaf interior and to allow oxygen to escape during photosynthesis, hence transpiration is generally considered to be merely an unavoidable phenomenon that accompanies the real functions of the stomates.
-Excessive transpiration can be extremely injurious to a plant.
-When water loss exceeds water intake, it can retard the plant’s growth and ultimately lead to death by dehydration.
-The stomata present in the leaves are responsible for the uptake of carbon dioxide and limit the loss of water due to evaporation.
 
Loss of water in the form of vapour from the aerial parts of the plant is called Transpiration.

🛑Important Points:
Photosynthesis: 
-The leaves have a green pigment called chlorophyll.
-It helps leaves to capture the energy of the sunlight.
-This energy is used to synthesis food from carbon dioxide and water. 
-Since the synthesis of food occurs in the presence of sunlight, it is called photosynthesis.
-In the presence of sunlight Carbon dioxide + water → Carbohydrate + oxygen.
-Some plants, green algae, and cyanobacteria can perform photosynthesis.
-The process of photosynthesis is commonly written as
-6CO2 + 6H2O + Sun-Light → C6H12O6 + 6O2

🔴Additional Information:
-There are many factors that affect the rate of transpiration such as light, humidity, temperature wind.

• Amount of sunlight:
-As the Light increases, the rate of transpiration increases.
-This is because with the increase in lights, the rate of water absorption, and the resulting turgidity of the two guard cells increases.
-This forms the boundary of each stoma and brings about the opening of the stomates, which increases the transpiration rate.

• Relative humidity:
-As the relative humidity of the air around the plant rises, the transpiration rate falls.
-Water is easily evaporated into dryer air than into more saturated air.
-The atmosphere has more moisture when the relative humidity is high.
-This reduces the driving factor for transpiration.
-Lower levels of relative humidity correspond to less moisture content in the atmosphere and hence higher the driving factor for transpiration.

• Temperature:
-Transpiration rates increase with the increase in temperature.
-This happens especially during the growing season when the air is warmer due to stronger sunlight.